Autophagy
The cellular self-cleaning process that recycles damaged organelles and proteins — a core longevity mechanism activated by fasting, exercise and certain peptides.
Definition
Autophagy ('self-eating') is a regulated cellular process that degrades and recycles damaged organelles, misfolded proteins and other cellular debris. It's activated by nutrient stress (fasting, caloric restriction) and exercise, and suppressed by growth signalling (mTOR, insulin). It's central to longevity biology: impaired autophagy underlies several age-related pathologies, and rapamycin's longevity effects are largely autophagy-mediated.
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mTORMechanistic Target of Rapamycin
A master growth-signalling kinase that integrates nutrient, energy and hormonal cues — the counterweight to autophagy in longevity biology.
Clinical ConceptLongevity
The domain of medicine focused on healthspan and the biology of aging — the central interest behind NAD+, Epitalon and MOTS-c.
MechanismSenescence
The cellular state of permanent growth arrest with secretion of pro-inflammatory signals — a central driver of biological aging.
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