GIP
Also known as Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide
An incretin hormone released by gut K-cells after a meal — the second receptor targeted by tirzepatide, on top of GLP-1.
Definition
Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide is released by gut K-cells in response to nutrient ingestion. Like GLP-1, it potentiates glucose-dependent insulin secretion, but it also has distinct effects on lipid metabolism and satiety signalling. Tirzepatide's dual GLP-1 + GIP activity produces meaningfully greater weight loss than single-receptor agonists, and is the mechanistic rationale for the molecule.
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GLP-1 Receptor AgonistGLP-1 RA
A peptide drug class that mimics glucagon-like peptide-1 to slow gastric emptying, sharpen insulin response and quiet food-noise.
PeptideTirzepatideMounjaro
A dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist — the most effective FDA-approved weight-management peptide to date, the active ingredient in Mounjaro and Zepbound.
MechanismIncretin
A gut hormone released after a meal that amplifies insulin secretion — the hormonal family targeted by semaglutide and tirzepatide.
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