Sirtuins
A family of NAD+-dependent enzymes that regulate metabolism, stress response and aging
Definition
Sirtuins (SIRT1–SIRT7) are a family of protein deacetylases that remove acetyl groups from histones and other substrates in an NAD+-dependent manner. They regulate mitochondrial biogenesis, DNA repair, metabolic flexibility and inflammatory tone. Calorie restriction, fasting and NAD+ supplementation all raise sirtuin activity; many of the longevity effects attributed to NAD+ are, mechanistically, sirtuin effects.
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NAD+Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
A co-enzyme every cell uses to make energy. Levels drop ~50% by age 60; injected NAD+ restores the baseline.
Clinical ConceptMitochondria
The cellular organelles that produce ATP — the direct target of NAD+ supplementation and mitochondrial peptides like MOTS-c.
Clinical ConceptLongevity
The domain of medicine focused on healthspan and the biology of aging — the central interest behind NAD+, Epitalon and MOTS-c.
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